执行如下代码会报错:
from urllib.request import urlopen
from urllib.request import Request
url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}
req = Request(url, headers = headers)
resp = urlopen(req)报错信息:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/urllib/request.py", line 1346, in do_open h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1129)
解决方法,添加代码：
import ssl ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
导致问题的原因是访问的网站是https://，需要SSL认证，而直接用urllib会导致本地验证失败（具体原因未查明），所以使用ssl._create_unverified_context关闭认证
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